Wear & Tear vs Tenant Damage: Where the Line Falls

This is the page behind half the deposit arguments in Dublin rentals. A washing machine wears out — that is the landlord's cost. A washing machine gets wrecked — that can be the tenant's. Here is where the line actually falls, fault by fault.

Start with the two rules that frame everything. Under the Housing (Standards for Rented Houses) Regulations 2019, Regulation 7, the landlord must provide a washing machine — and a dryer where there is no private garden or yard — and keep it in good working order; maintenance rests with the landlord. And on deposits, the RTB position is clear in principle: fair wear and tear cannot be charged to a tenant's deposit. A machine that wears out in normal use is the landlord's cost. What follows is how that principle lands on real faults — we see all of these, from both sides of the argument.

What Counts as Wear and Tear

  • A pump dying after years of service. Pumps are wear parts. A pump that fails at year seven of ordinary family washing has simply worn out.
  • Motor brushes worn down. Carbon brushes are designed to wear; a machine that stops spinning because the brushes are spent is a maintenance job, not damage.
  • An element furred up by hard water. In areas normally supplied by Bog of the Ring (around 336 mg/L) or Leixlip (around 200 mg/L), limescale builds on elements as a fact of the water, not of the tenant. South Dublin supplies like Ballymore Eustace (around 50 mg/L) fur far slower — but the cause is the supply, never the user.
  • A door seal perishing with age. Rubber ages, splits and grows mould in damp homes despite reasonable care. That is age, not abuse.
  • Belts stretching, bearings wearing, boards failing with age — the ordinary end-of-life failures of a working machine.

What Counts as Misuse or Tenant Damage

  • Foreign objects left in pockets — coins, screws, hair grips and bra wires that escape into the pump or between the drums. A pump jammed solid with change, or a drum punctured by a bra wire, did not wear out; it was damaged, and it can fairly be charged.
  • Chronic overloading. Bearings have a working life, but bearings split early on a machine habitually stuffed past capacity tell their own story — the failure pattern is visibly different from age.
  • A door forced against the interlock — snapped handles and broken door catches from yanking a locked door are impact damage, not wear.
  • Flooding from a leak that was never reported. A hose weeping for months does damage no landlord could prevent, because nobody told them. Tenants are expected to report faults promptly; a leak left in silence, rotting a floor, is the grey case that most often goes against the tenant.
  • Wrong detergent abuse — handwash powder or washing-up liquid run repeatedly, foaming the machine out and damaging seals and boards.

The Grey Middle — and How It Gets Settled

Plenty of cases sit between the two lists: a bearing that fails at five years in a house of six adults, a seal that is both old and badly kept. Arguments about those go in circles because both sides are guessing at the cause. What settles it — with letting agents and at the RTB alike — is evidence: a written engineer report that states, in plain words, what failed and why. That is a normal part of our job. Our reports name the cause as we found it — wear consistent with age and normal use, or damage consistent with a foreign object, overloading or a forced door — and that one document is usually what the deposit decision turns on. The repair itself runs on our standard terms whoever pays: €79 call-out credited in full, most repairs €149–€249, majors €279–€420, fixed written price before work. Prices checked November 2026.

Practical Steps for Both Sides

Tenants: report faults early, in writing, and keep the message. Empty pockets, do not overload, and leave the door ajar — the small habits that keep you clearly on the wear-and-tear side of the line. Photograph the machine's condition when you move in, the same as you would the walls and floors; a dated photo of a clean filter and an intact seal is worth more in a dispute than an hour of arguing about it. Landlords and agents: keep the invoices and the engineer reports from every repair; a paper trail of maintenance is what wins the argument that a failure was damage rather than neglect. Note the machine's age and model in the inventory at the start of the tenancy too — a pump failing on a nine-year-old machine reads very differently from the same failure on a two-year-old one, and the inventory is what proves which it was. Both sides will find the wider picture on our landlord hub, the who-pays page and our page for letting agents and property managers — and the cost guide shows what each fault should cost before anyone argues about who pays it. Ring 645 465-6305 to book a visit or a report.

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645 465-6305

No. Fair wear and tear cannot be charged to a tenant's deposit. If the machine wore out in normal use, replacing or repairing it is the landlord's cost — under Regulation 7 of the Housing Regulations 2019, the landlord provides the machine and keeps it in good working order.

That is tenant damage, not wear and tear. Foreign objects left in pockets — coins, screws, bra wires — are one of the clearest misuse cases, and the repair can fairly be charged to the tenant. The same applies to chronic overloading and doors forced against the interlock.

No. Limescale comes from the water supply, not the user. In hard-water areas — Bog of the Ring around 336 mg/L, Leixlip around 200 mg/L — elements fur up in normal use. That is wear and tear, and the landlord's cost.

On evidence of the cause. A written engineer report stating in plain words whether the failure is wear consistent with age or damage consistent with misuse is what letting agents and the RTB work from. We write those reports as part of a normal visit — €79 call-out, credited in full against any repair.

Two main ones: the machine is the tenant's own machine, not one the landlord provided; or the failure was caused by misuse. Outside those, maintenance of a landlord-supplied washing machine — and a dryer where there is no private garden or yard — rests with the landlord.

Need a washing machine engineer in Dublin today?

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Tell us the brand, the fault or the error code and your Eircode. You get a likely range on the phone, a fixed price at the machine, and no work without your say-so.

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